Breast cancer develops when abnormal cells start growing and dividing in an uncontrollable way in the breast tissue forming a tumour.
It is more common in women and the risk increases with older age, although it can affect anyone.
Breast cancer represents one of the deadliest cancers so it is essential to learn how to prevent it and break the stigma so that it can be discovered early.
1. Symptoms:
◆ most commonly people notice a lump or thickening of the breast or armpit
◆ change in size, shape, or feel
◆ redness, dimpling, scaling of breast skin
◆ fluid discharge from the breast when the woman is not pregnant or breastfeeding
◆ change in nipple position such as inverted nipple
Some of these symptoms may occur even though they are not cancerous. However, if you notice any of them, it is recommended to see a healthcare professional.
2. Causes:
◆ age
◆ lifestyle factors: alcohol, smoking
◆ genetic predisposition (family history of breast cancer)
◆ being overweight or obese
◆ previous diagnosis of non-cancerous breast lump
3. Diagnosis: Once a doctor conducts an examination of your breasts, they will follow up with further tests if any concern is found. In this case, they will either suggest a breast screening called mammography or take a small sample of the breast tissue called biopsy.
4. Treatment: The chances of treating the cancer, increase during the early stages. Therefore, it is essential to meet a doctor as soon as you notice changes in your breast.
Breast cancer is usually treated through surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, but hormone and targeted treatments might also be recommended.
5. Prevention: The exact causes are not properly understood, but benefits have been observed in women who lead a healthy lifestyle.
Chances of developing breast cancer decrease if you:
◆ Maintain a normal weight
◆ Exercise regularly
◆ Eat a diet low in saturated fat
◆ Avoid alcohol and smoking